{"id":49,"date":"2026-02-11T11:57:29","date_gmt":"2026-02-11T03:57:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hpu.gv.uy\/?p=49"},"modified":"2026-03-01T17:00:53","modified_gmt":"2026-03-01T09:00:53","slug":"gps%e6%b5%8b%e9%87%8f%e5%8e%9f%e7%90%86%e5%8f%8a%e5%85%b6%e5%ba%94%e7%94%a8-p15-16gps%e6%b5%8b%e9%87%8f%e4%b8%ad%e6%89%80%e6%b6%89%e5%8f%8a%e7%9a%84%e6%97%b6%e9%97%b4%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f%e5%92%8c","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hpu.gv.uy\/?p=49","title":{"rendered":"GPS\u6d4b\u91cf\u539f\u7406\u53ca\u5176\u5e94\u7528 p15 16GPS\u6d4b\u91cf\u4e2d\u6240\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u5750\u6807\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08\u516b\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u76ee\u5f55<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"#1-\u56fd\u9645\u5730\u7403\u53c2\u8003\u7cfb\u7edf-itrs-\u4e0e\u53c2\u8003\u6846\u67b6-itrf\">1. \u56fd\u9645\u5730\u7403\u53c2\u8003\u7cfb\u7edf (ITRS) \u4e0e\u53c2\u8003\u6846\u67b6 (ITRF)<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#2-\u5750\u6807\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\u4e0e\u5386\u5143\u5f52\u7b97\">2. \u5750\u6807\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\u4e0e\u5386\u5143\u5f52\u7b97<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#3-\u5730\u7403\u7269\u7406\u56e0\u7d20\u5bf9\u5750\u6807\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\">3. \u5730\u7403\u7269\u7406\u56e0\u7d20\u5bf9\u5750\u6807\u7684\u5f71\u54cd<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#4-wgs-84-\u5750\u6807\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ca\u5176\u7cbe\u5316\">4. WGS-84 \u5750\u6807\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ca\u5176\u7cbe\u5316<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#5-\u5929\u7403\u5750\u6807\u7cfb\u4e0e\u5730\u7403\u5750\u6807\u7cfb\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\">5. \u5929\u7403\u5750\u6807\u7cfb\u4e0e\u5730\u7403\u5750\u6807\u7cfb\u7684\u8f6c\u6362<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#ai-\u603b\u7ed3\">AI \u603b\u7ed3<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \u56fd\u9645\u5730\u7403\u53c2\u8003\u7cfb\u7edf (ITRS) \u4e0e\u53c2\u8003\u6846\u67b6 (ITRF) <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bilibili.com\/video\/BV1ia4y1s7sj_p15?t=0\">\u539f\u7247 @ 00:00<\/a>*<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Screenshot-[00:00]<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1.1 \u6982\u5ff5\u5f15\u5165<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5b8c\u5929\u7403\u5750\u6807\u7cfb\u540e\uff0c\u8bfe\u7a0b\u8f6c\u5165\u5730\u7403\u5750\u6807\u7cfb\u3002\u5730\u7403\u5750\u6807\u7cfb\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u63cf\u8ff0\u5730\u9762\u70b9\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4ee5\u53ca\u8fd1\u5730\u7a7a\u95f4\u7269\u4f53\uff08\u5982\u98de\u673a\u3001\u536b\u661f\uff09\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u4f53\u7cfb\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u56fd\u9645\u5730\u7403\u53c2\u8003\u7cfb\u7edf (ITRS, International Terrestrial Reference System)<\/strong>\uff1a\u7406\u8bba\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u56fd\u9645\u5730\u7403\u53c2\u8003\u6846\u67b6 (ITRF, International Terrestrial Reference Frame)<\/strong>\uff1a\u5b9e\u9645\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1.2 ITRS (\u7cfb\u7edf) \u7684\u5b9a\u4e49 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bilibili.com\/video\/BV1ia4y1s7sj_p15?t=51\">\u539f\u7247 @ 00:51<\/a>*<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">ITRS \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u65e0\u6cd5\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u5b9a\u4e49\u201d\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u901a\u8fc7\u6846\u67b6\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u5b9a\u4e49\u6807\u51c6\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u539f\u70b9<\/strong>\uff1a\u5305\u62ec\u6d77\u6d0b\u548c\u5927\u6c14\u7684\u6574\u4e2a\u5730\u7403\u7684\u8d28\u5fc3\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5c3a\u5ea6<\/strong>\uff1a\u91c7\u7528\u56fd\u9645\u5355\u4f4d\u5236 (SI) \u7684\u7c73\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5b9a\u5411<\/strong>\uff1a\u521d\u59cb\u6307\u5411\u4e0e BIH 1984.0 \u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u91cd\u5408\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u65cb\u8f6c\u6761\u4ef6<\/strong>\uff1a\u89c4\u5b9a\u6574\u4e2a\u5730\u7403\u5730\u58f3\u6ca1\u6709\u6574\u4f53\u7684\u65cb\u8f6c\uff08\u5373\u6ee1\u8db3 <strong>No-net-rotation<\/strong> \u6761\u4ef6\uff09\u3002\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u7531\u4e8e\u677f\u5757\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u5404\u677f\u5757\u5411\u4e0d\u540c\u65b9\u5411\u79fb\u52a8\uff0cITRS \u89c4\u5b9a\u6240\u6709\u677f\u5757\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u89d2\u52a8\u91cf\u4e3a\u96f6\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728\u6574\u4f53\u65cb\u8f6c\uff0c\u5219\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5730\u7403\u81ea\u8f6c\u901f\u5ea6\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6539\u53d8\uff08\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u5df2\u88ab\u5f52\u5165 UT1 \u65f6\u95f4\u7cfb\u7edf\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u4e0d\u5e94\u4f53\u73b0\u5728\u5750\u6807\u7cfb\u65cb\u8f6c\u4e2d\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Screenshot-[01:12]<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1.3 ITRF (\u6846\u67b6) \u7684\u5b9e\u73b0 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bilibili.com\/video\/BV1ia4y1s7sj_p15?t=144\">\u539f\u7247 @ 02:24<\/a>*<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7528\u6237\u4f7f\u7528\u5750\u6807\u7cfb\u65f6\uff0c\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u662f <strong>IERS (\u56fd\u9645\u5730\u7403\u81ea\u8f6c\u670d\u52a1)<\/strong> \u53d1\u5e03\u7684\u5750\u6807\u6846\u67b6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u6784\u6210<\/strong>\uff1a\u7531\u5206\u5e03\u5728\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u7ad9\uff08VLBI, SLR, GPS \u7b49\uff09\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u53d1\u5e03\u5185\u5bb9<\/strong>\uff1aIERS \u89e3\u7b97\u5e76\u516c\u5e03\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ad9\u70b9\u7684<strong>\u5750\u6807 (Coordinates)<\/strong>\u3001<strong>\u5750\u6807\u53d8\u5316\u7387 (Velocities)<\/strong> \u4ee5\u53ca\u5730\u7403\u5b9a\u5411\u53c2\u6570 (EOP)\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u7528\u6237\u5e94\u7528<\/strong>\uff1a\u7528\u6237\u901a\u8fc7\u8054\u6d4b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u63a7\u5236\u70b9\uff0c\u5c06\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6d4b\u91cf\u6210\u679c\u7eb3\u5165\u8be5\u5750\u6807\u6846\u67b6\u4e2d\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \u5750\u6807\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\u4e0e\u5386\u5143\u5f52\u7b97 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bilibili.com\/video\/BV1ia4y1s7sj_p15?t=173\">\u539f\u7247 @ 02:53<\/a>*<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Screenshot-[02:53]<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.1 \u6846\u67b6\u7684\u7cbe\u5ea6\u6f14\u53d8<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u968f\u7740\u89c2\u6d4b\u6280\u672f\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\uff08\u5982 VLBI, GPS \u7cbe\u5ea6\u63d0\u9ad8\uff09\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u6539\u8fdb\uff0cITRF \u6846\u67b6\u7684\u7cbe\u5ea6\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u9ad8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u65e9\u671f<\/strong>\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u79ef\u7d2f\u5c11\uff081-2\u5e74\uff09\uff0c\u7cbe\u5ea6\u8f83\u5dee\uff08\u539f\u70b9\u504f\u5dee\u53ef\u80fd\u8fbe 20-30 \u5398\u7c73\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u73b0\u5728<\/strong>\uff1a\u79ef\u7d2f\u4e86\u6570\u5341\u5e74\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u6846\u67b6\u975e\u5e38\u7a33\u5b9a\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u66f4\u65b0\u9891\u7387<\/strong>\uff1a\u65e9\u671f\u6bcf\u5e74\u53d1\u5e03\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u6846\u67b6\u7a33\u5b9a\u540e\u7ea6 3-5 \u5e74\u53d1\u5e03\u4e00\u6b21\uff08\u5982 ITRF2000, ITRF2008, ITRF2014 \u7b49\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.2 \u5750\u6807\u8f6c\u6362\u6a21\u578b (\u5e03\u5c14\u6c99\u6a21\u578b) <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bilibili.com\/video\/BV1ia4y1s7sj_p15?t=259\">\u539f\u7247 @ 04:19<\/a>*<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e0d\u540c\u5750\u6807\u6846\u67b6\u4e4b\u95f4\uff08\u4f8b\u5982 ITRF2000 \u5230 ITRF2005\uff09\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u91c7\u7528 <strong>\u5e03\u5c14\u6c99\u6a21\u578b (Bursa Model)<\/strong>\uff0c\u5305\u542b 7 \u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>3 \u4e2a\u5e73\u79fb\u53c2\u6570<\/strong> ($T_x, T_y, T_z$)\uff1a\u89e3\u51b3\u539f\u70b9\u4e0d\u91cd\u5408\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>1 \u4e2a\u5c3a\u5ea6\u53c2\u6570<\/strong> ($D$ \u6216 $k$)\uff1a\u89e3\u51b3\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>3 \u4e2a\u65cb\u8f6c\u53c2\u6570<\/strong> ($R_x, R_y, R_z$)\uff1a\u89e3\u51b3\u5750\u6807\u8f74\u6307\u5411\u5dee\u5f02\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8f6c\u6362\u516c\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">$$<br>\\begin{bmatrix} X \\ Y \\ Z \\end{bmatrix}<em>{New} = \\begin{bmatrix} T_x \\ T_y \\ T_z \\end{bmatrix} + (1 + D) \\cdot \\begin{bmatrix} 1 &amp; R_z &amp; -R_y \\ -R_z &amp; 1 &amp; R_x \\ R_y &amp; -R_x &amp; 1 \\end{bmatrix} \\cdot \\begin{bmatrix} X \\ Y \\ Z \\end{bmatrix}<\/em>{Old}<br>$$<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Screenshot-[04:34]<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.3 \u5386\u5143\u5f52\u7b97 (Epoch Propagation) <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bilibili.com\/video\/BV1ia4y1s7sj_p15?t=312\">\u539f\u7247 @ 05:12<\/a>*<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">ITRF \u6846\u67b6\u7ed9\u51fa\u7684\u5750\u6807\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u7279\u5b9a <strong>\u53c2\u8003\u5386\u5143 (Reference Epoch, $t_0$)<\/strong> \u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>IERS \u63d0\u4f9b\uff1a\u53c2\u8003\u5386\u5143\u65f6\u523b\u7684\u5750\u6807 ($X_0, Y_0, Z_0$) \u548c \u7ad9\u901f\u5ea6 ($\\dot{X}, \\dot{Y}, \\dot{Z}$)\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u8ba1\u7b97\u5f53\u524d\u5386\u5143\u5750\u6807<\/strong>\uff1a\u7531\u4e8e\u677f\u5757\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u7ad9\u70b9\u4f4d\u7f6e\u968f\u65f6\u95f4\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8981\u6c42\u89e3\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u523b $t$ \u7684\u5750\u6807\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u8fdb\u884c\u5386\u5143\u5f52\u7b97\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">$$<br>X(t) = X(t_0) + \\dot{X} \\cdot (t &#8211; t_0)<br>$$<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u6ce8\u610f<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u53c2\u8003\u5386\u5143\u7684\u5750\u6807\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u8003\u8651\u4ece\u53c2\u8003\u5386\u5143\u5230\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u523b\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6bb5\u5185\uff0c\u677f\u5757\u8fd0\u52a8\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u4f4d\u79fb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. \u5730\u7403\u7269\u7406\u56e0\u7d20\u5bf9\u5750\u6807\u7684\u5f71\u54cd <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bilibili.com\/video\/BV1ia4y1s7sj_p15?t=412\">\u539f\u7247 @ 06:52<\/a>*<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Screenshot-[06:52]<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.1 \u77ac\u65f6\u5750\u6807\u4e0e\u5e73\u5747\u5750\u6807<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">IERS \u7ed9\u51fa\u7684\u7ad9\u5750\u6807\u662f\u5254\u9664\u4e86\u5404\u79cd\u5468\u671f\u6027\u5730\u7403\u7269\u7406\u5f71\u54cd\u540e\u7684\u201c\u5e73\u5747\u201d\u5750\u6807\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u9ad8\u7cbe\u5ea6 GPS \u6d4b\u91cf\u4e2d\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u8003\u8651\u5730\u7403\u77ac\u65f6\u7684\u5f62\u53d8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.2 \u4e3b\u8981\u5f71\u54cd\u56e0\u7d20<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u56fa\u4f53\u6f6e (Solid Earth Tides)<\/strong>\uff1a\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5730\u7403\u4e0d\u662f\u521a\u4f53\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u5f39\u6027\u3002\u5728\u65e5\u6708\u5f15\u6f6e\u529b\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0b\uff0c\u5730\u58f3\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u9686\u8d77\u548c\u4e0b\u9677\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u91cf\u7ea7<\/strong>\uff1a\u9ad8\u7a0b\u65b9\u5411\u53ef\u8fbe <strong>50 cm<\/strong> \u4ee5\u4e0a\uff0c\u5e73\u9762\u65b9\u5411\u7ea6\u51e0\u5398\u7c73\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u6d77\u6f6e\u8d1f\u8377 (Ocean Loading)<\/strong>\uff1a\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u6d77\u6d0b\u6f6e\u6c50\u5f15\u8d77\u6d77\u6c34\u8d28\u91cf\u91cd\u65b0\u5206\u5e03\uff0c\u538b\u5728\u6d77\u5e95\u5730\u58f3\u4e0a\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u6cbf\u6d77\u5730\u533a\u5730\u9762\u9ad8\u7a0b\u968f\u6f6e\u6c50\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5927\u6c14\u8d1f\u8377 (Atmospheric Loading)<\/strong>\uff1a\u5927\u6c14\u538b\u529b\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u5bfc\u81f4\u5730\u58f3\u5f62\u53d8\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u51b0\u96ea\u8d1f\u8377\u4e0e\u56de\u5f39<\/strong>\uff1a\u79ef\u96ea\u538b\u4f4e\u5730\u9762\uff0c\u878d\u5316\u540e\u5730\u9762\u56de\u5f39\uff08\u5b63\u8282\u6027\u53d8\u5316\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.3 \u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u7b56\u7565 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bilibili.com\/video\/BV1ia4y1s7sj_p15?t=577\">\u539f\u7247 @ 09:37<\/a>*<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>IERS \u53d1\u5e03\u7684\u5750\u6807\u662f <strong>Tide-Free (\u65e0\u6f6e)<\/strong> \u6216\u5254\u9664\u4e86\u5468\u671f\u6027\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u7528\u6237\u8ba1\u7b97\u65f6<\/strong>\uff1a\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528 IERS \u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5750\u6807\u548c\u901f\u5ea6\u7b97\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u5386\u5143\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u5750\u6807\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5229\u7528\u5730\u7403\u7269\u7406\u6a21\u578b\uff08\u56fa\u4f53\u6f6e\u6a21\u578b\u3001\u6d77\u6f6e\u6a21\u578b\u7b49\uff09\u8ba1\u7b97\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u6539\u6b63\u6570\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5c06\u6539\u6b63\u6570<strong>\u52a0<\/strong>\u56de\u5230\u5e73\u5747\u5750\u6807\u4e0a\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u8be5\u65f6\u523b\u7684<strong>\u77ac\u65f6\u5750\u6807<\/strong>\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u8ba1\u7b97\u901a\u5e38\u7531\u4e13\u4e1a\u7684 GPS \u89e3\u7b97\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff08\u5982 GAMIT, Bernese\uff09\u81ea\u52a8\u5b8c\u6210\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. WGS-84 \u5750\u6807\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ca\u5176\u7cbe\u5316 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bilibili.com\/video\/BV1ia4y1s7sj_p15?t=630\">\u539f\u7247 @ 10:30<\/a>*<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Screenshot-[10:42]<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.1 WGS-84 \u6982\u8ff0<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u5b9a\u4e49<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u5730\u5750\u6807\u7cfb (World Geodetic System 1984)\uff0c\u7531\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u9632\u90e8 (DoD) \u5efa\u7acb\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u6f14\u53d8<\/strong>\uff1aWGS-60 -> WGS-66 -> WGS-72 -> WGS-84\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u7406\u8bba\u5b9a\u4e49<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e0e ITRS \u7684\u56db\u6761\u5b9a\u4e49\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4\uff08\u539f\u70b9\u3001\u5c3a\u5ea6\u3001\u5b9a\u5411\u3001\u65cb\u8f6c\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.2 WGS-84 \u4e0e ITRF \u7684\u5173\u7cfb<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0d\u540c<\/strong>\uff1aITRF \u7531 IERS \u7ec4\u7ec7\u901a\u8fc7\u5168\u7403\u591a\u79cd\u6280\u672f\uff08VLBI, SLR, GPS\uff09\u7efc\u5408\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1bWGS-84 \u6700\u521d\u4e3b\u8981\u57fa\u4e8e GPS \u5e7f\u64ad\u661f\u5386\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u5229\u7528\u4e86\u591a\u666e\u52d2\u3001SLR \u7b49\u8d44\u6599\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u65e9\u671f\u5dee\u5f02<\/strong>\uff1a\u65e9\u671f\u7684 WGS-84 \u5b9e\u73b0\u7cbe\u5ea6\u8f83\u4f4e\uff0c\u4e0e ITRF \u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u7c73\u7ea7\u5dee\u5f02\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.3 WGS-84 \u7684\u7cbe\u5316\u7248\u672c <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bilibili.com\/video\/BV1ia4y1s7sj_p15?t=761\">\u539f\u7247 @ 12:41<\/a>*<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u7cbe\u5ea6\u5e76\u4e0e\u56fd\u9645\u6807\u51c6\u63a5\u8f68\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u9632\u90e8\u591a\u6b21\u5bf9 WGS-84 \u8fdb\u884c\u7cbe\u5316 (Realization)\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u903c\u8fd1 ITRF\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>WGS-84 (G730)<\/strong>\uff1a\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>G<\/strong> \u4ee3\u8868 GPS\uff0c<strong>730<\/strong> \u4ee3\u8868 GPS \u7b2c 730 \u5468\uff081994\u5e741\u67082\u65e5\u542f\u7528\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u5c06 GPS \u8ddf\u8e2a\u7ad9\u4e0e ITRF \u6846\u67b6\u70b9\u8054\u6d4b\u5e73\u5dee\uff0c\u56fa\u5b9a ITRF \u70b9\u5750\u6807\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7cbe\u5ea6\uff1a\u4e0e ITRF \u504f\u5dee\u7ea6 <strong>10 cm<\/strong>\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>WGS-84 (G873)<\/strong>\uff1a\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u542f\u7528\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a1996\u5e749\u670829\u65e5\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7cbe\u5ea6\uff1a\u4e0e ITRF \u504f\u5dee\u7ea6 <strong>2 cm<\/strong>\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>WGS-84 (G1150)<\/strong>\uff1a\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u542f\u7528\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2002\u5e741\u670820\u65e5\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7cbe\u5ea6\uff1a\u4e0e ITRF \u504f\u5dee\u7ea6 <strong>1 cm<\/strong>\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Screenshot-[15:41]<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.4 \u7ed3\u8bba<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e94\u7528\uff08\u975e\u6beb\u7c73\u7ea7\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\uff09\uff0c<strong>\u76ee\u524d\u7684 WGS-84 \u4e0e ITRF \u53ef\u4ee5\u89c6\u4e3a\u540c\u4e00\u5750\u6807\u7cfb<\/strong>\uff0c\u6df7\u7528\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u663e\u8457\u8bef\u5dee\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. \u5929\u7403\u5750\u6807\u7cfb\u4e0e\u5730\u7403\u5750\u6807\u7cfb\u7684\u8f6c\u6362 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bilibili.com\/video\/BV1ia4y1s7sj_p15?t=996\">\u539f\u7247 @ 16:36<\/a>*<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Screenshot-[17:12]<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.1 \u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6027<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u536b\u661f\u5b9a\u8f68<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728<strong>\u5929\u7403\u5750\u6807\u7cfb (GCRS)<\/strong> \u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u536b\u661f\u8fd0\u52a8\u9075\u5faa\u725b\u987f\u529b\u5b66\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u60ef\u6027\u7cfb\uff08GCRS \u53ef\u89c6\u4e3a\u51c6\u60ef\u6027\u7cfb\uff0c\u5750\u6807\u8f74\u6307\u5411\u7a7a\u95f4\u56fa\u5b9a\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u5982 J2000.0 \u5e73\u6625\u5206\u70b9\u548c\u5e73\u5317\u5929\u6781\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u7528\u6237\u5e94\u7528<\/strong>\uff1a\u7528\u6237\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5730\u7403\u8868\u9762\uff0c\u9700\u8981<strong>\u5730\u7403\u5750\u6807\u7cfb (ITRS)<\/strong> \u4e2d\u7684\u5750\u6807\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u60ef\u6027\u7cfb\uff08\u8ba1\u7b97\u8f68\u9053\uff09\u548c\u5730\u56fa\u7cfb\uff08\u7528\u6237\u4f4d\u7f6e\/\u89c2\u6d4b\u7ad9\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff09\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6c\u6362\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.2 \u8f6c\u6362\u77e9\u9635 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bilibili.com\/video\/BV1ia4y1s7sj_p15?t=1278\">\u539f\u7247 @ 21:18<\/a>*<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5df2\u77e5\u5730\u7403\u5750\u6807\u7cfb\u5411\u91cf $X_{TRS}$\uff0c\u6c42\u5929\u7403\u5750\u6807\u7cfb\u5411\u91cf $X_{CRS}$\uff08\u6216\u53cd\u4e4b\uff09\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u65cb\u8f6c\u77e9\u9635\u3002\u867d\u7136\u89c6\u9891\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\u987a\u5e8f\u53ef\u80fd\u98a0\u5012\uff0c\u4f46\u6807\u51c6\u8f6c\u6362\u6d41\u7a0b\u6d89\u53ca\u56db\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u90e8\u5206\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">$$<br>X_{TRS} = [W] \\cdot [S] \\cdot [N] \\cdot [P] \\cdot X_{CRS}<br>$$<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5176\u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>$P$ (Precession, \u5c81\u5dee)<\/strong>\uff1a\u63cf\u8ff0\u5730\u7403\u81ea\u8f6c\u8f74\u5728\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u7684\u957f\u671f\u5706\u9525\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>$N$ (Nutation, \u7ae0\u52a8)<\/strong>\uff1a\u63cf\u8ff0\u53e0\u52a0\u5728\u5c81\u5dee\u4e0a\u7684\u77ed\u5468\u671f\u5fae\u5c0f\u9707\u52a8\uff08\u591a\u8fbe1000\u591a\u9879\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>$S$ (Spin\/Rotation, \u5730\u7403\u81ea\u8f6c)<\/strong>\uff1a\u63cf\u8ff0\u5730\u7403\u7ed5\u81ea\u8f6c\u8f74\u7684\u65cb\u8f6c\uff08\u6d89\u53ca\u683c\u6797\u5c3c\u6cbb\u6052\u661f\u65f6 GAST\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>$W$ (Polar Motion, \u6781\u79fb)<\/strong>\uff1a\u63cf\u8ff0\u77ac\u65f6\u81ea\u8f6c\u8f74\u4e0e\u5730\u58f3\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Screenshot-[22:36]<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.3 \u8ba1\u7b97\u590d\u6742\u6027<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u7ae0\u52a8\u77e9\u9635<\/strong>\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u5343\u591a\u9879\u6b63\u5f26\/\u4f59\u5f26\u9879\uff0c\u7cfb\u6570\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u65e5\u6708\u53ca\u884c\u661f\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u975e\u5e38\u7e41\u7410\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u6781\u79fb<\/strong>\u53c2\u6570\u9700\u8981\u5b9e\u6d4b\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5b9e\u9645\u64cd\u4f5c<\/strong>\uff1a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u8bfe\u7a0b\u6216\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u624b\u52a8\u8ba1\u7b97\u8fd9\u4e9b\u77e9\u9635\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u73b0\u6210\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff08\u5982 IERS \u63d0\u4f9b\u7684 SOFA \u5e93\uff09\u6216\u901a\u8fc7 GPS \u8f6f\u4ef6\u81ea\u52a8\u5904\u7406\u3002\u7528\u6237\u4e3b\u8981\u5173\u6ce8\u5730\u7403\u5750\u6807\u7cfb\u4e0b\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">AI \u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u8282\u8bfe\u7a0b\u6df1\u5165\u8bb2\u89e3\u4e86 GPS \u6d4b\u91cf\u4e2d\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5750\u6807\u7cfb\u7edf\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u91cd\u70b9\u6db5\u76d6\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>ITRS \u4e0e ITRF<\/strong>\uff1a\u533a\u5206\u4e86\u7406\u8bba\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf (ITRS) \u4e0e\u5b9e\u9645\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u6846\u67b6 (ITRF)\u3002\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e86 ITRF \u6846\u67b6\u968f\u65f6\u95f4\u6f14\u53d8\uff0c\u4e14\u5305\u542b\u901f\u5ea6\u573a\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u5fc5\u987b\u7ed3\u5408<strong>\u5386\u5143\u5f52\u7b97<\/strong> ($X_t = X_0 + V \\cdot \\Delta t$)\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5730\u7403\u7269\u7406\u6539\u6b63<\/strong>\uff1a\u6307\u51fa\u4e86 IERS \u5750\u6807\u662f\u201c\u5e73\u5747\u201d\u5750\u6807\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u9ad8\u7cbe\u5ea6\u5e94\u7528\u9700\u901a\u8fc7\u6a21\u578b\u6062\u590d<strong>\u56fa\u4f53\u6f6e<\/strong>\uff08\u9ad8\u8fbe50cm\uff09\u3001\u6d77\u6f6e\u8d1f\u8377\u7b49\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u77ac\u65f6\u5f62\u53d8\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>WGS-84 \u7684\u6f14\u8fdb<\/strong>\uff1aWGS-84 \u867d\u7136\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0a\u4e0e ITRS \u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u4f46\u65e9\u671f\u5b9e\u73b0\u7cbe\u5ea6\u8f83\u4f4e\u3002\u7ecf\u8fc7 G730, G873, G1150 \u7b49\u591a\u6b21\u7cbe\u5316\uff0c\u76ee\u524d WGS-84 \u4e0e ITRF \u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u5df2\u5728<strong>\u5398\u7c73\u7ea7<\/strong>\u4ee5\u5185\uff0c\u5e38\u89c4\u5e94\u7528\u53ef\u4e0d\u4e88\u533a\u5206\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5750\u6807\u7cfb\u8f6c\u6362<\/strong>\uff1a\u9610\u8ff0\u4e86\u4ece\u5929\u7403\u5750\u6807\u7cfb\uff08\u60ef\u6027\u7cfb\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9a\u8f68\uff09\u5230\u5730\u7403\u5750\u6807\u7cfb\uff08\u5730\u56fa\u7cfb\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9a\u4f4d\uff09\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca<strong>\u5c81\u5dee\u3001\u7ae0\u52a8\u3001\u5730\u7403\u81ea\u8f6c\u3001\u6781\u79fb<\/strong>\u56db\u4e2a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u65cb\u8f6c\u77e9\u9635\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8be5\u7b14\u8bb0\u9002\u5408\u9700\u8981\u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3 GPS \u5750\u6807\u57fa\u51c6\u3001\u6846\u67b6\u8f6c\u6362\u53ca\u9ad8\u7cbe\u5ea6\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u80cc\u666f\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u590d\u4e60\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u76ee\u5f55 1. \u56fd\u9645\u5730\u7403\u53c2\u8003\u7cfb\u7edf (ITRS) \u4e0e\u53c2\u8003\u6846\u67b6 (ITRF) \u539f\u7247 @ 00:00* Screensh [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,2],"tags":[6,4],"class_list":["post-49","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-gps","category-note","tag-ai","tag-4"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hpu.gv.uy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/49","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hpu.gv.uy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hpu.gv.uy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hpu.gv.uy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hpu.gv.uy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=49"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/hpu.gv.uy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/49\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":50,"href":"https:\/\/hpu.gv.uy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/49\/revisions\/50"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hpu.gv.uy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=49"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hpu.gv.uy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=49"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hpu.gv.uy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=49"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}